The opening of the Tyrrhenian Sea was the consequence of the retreat of a subducting slab and the NE migration of an arched thrust and fold belt (Fig.

1), throughout the Pliocene and part of the Early Pleistocene, hosted the marine sedimentary basins produced by extensional tectonics acting at the back of the Apennines orogenic belt 1, 2. The Tyrrhenian Sea Margin of Latium (Fig.

Two major pulses of uplift are recognized 0.86 through 0.5вЂ‰Ma, and 0.25вЂ‰Ma through the Present, which are interpreted as driven by the subduction process and uprising of metasomatized magma bodies on the Tyrrhenian Sea Margin of central Italy, superimposied on a smaller isostatic component of uplift. By plotting against time the cumulated terrace elevations and the average elevation of the Santernian coastline in the investigated area, we detect rates of uplift during the last 1.8вЂ‰Ma. By assuming the simple chronological principle of a staircase geometry we correlate the sea-level highstands of MIS 21 through MIS 5 with the lowest eight paleo-surfaces. Using biostratigraphic constraints provided by marine through continental deposits of Santernian age, we recognize the oldest terrace in this area, corresponding to an early coastal plain of late Santernian-Emilian age. Through a geomorphological study relying on statistically assessed classes of hilltop elevations, we reconstruct a suite of paleo-surfaces along the Tiber River Valley north of Rome that we identify as fluvial terraces formed by interplay between global sea-level fluctuations and regional upift.

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